一种新的星载GPS定轨滤波算法

针对传统EKF(Extended Kalman Filtering)算法应用于星载GPS(Global Positioning System)低轨卫星定轨时系统噪声方差初值不易确定的问题,提出了一种新的定轨滤波算法.该算法在非线性方程线性化过程中,在前一时刻滤波估值点进行线性化,从而得到扰动方程,并将该扰动方程引入到传统EKF进行滤波处理.该算法与传统EKF分别应用在星载GPS低轨卫星的定轨中,通过比较,结果表明改进的算法在一定程度上抑制了由于系统噪声方差阵选取偏差较大而引起的滤波发散现象,且对于系统噪声方差的初值选取有较强的鲁棒性.      

Near real-time estimation of tropospheric water vapour content from ground based GNSS data and its potential contribution to weather now-casting in Austria

The importance of high resolution meteorological analysis of the atmosphere increased over the past years. A detailed analysis of the humidity field is an important precondition for a better monitoring of local and regional extreme precipitation events and for forecasts with improved spatial resolution. For this reason, the Austrian Meteorological Agency (ZAMG) is operating the spatial and temporal high resolution INCA system (Integrated Now-casting through Comprehensive Analysis) since begin of 2005. Errors in this analysis occur mainly in the areas of rapidly changing and hard to predict weather conditions or rugged topography with extreme differences in height such as the alpine area of Austria. The aim of this work is to provide GNSS based measurements of the tropospheric water vapour content with a temporal resolution of 1 h and a temporal delay of less than 1 h to assimilate these estimates into the INCA system. Additional requirement is an accuracy of better than 1 mm of the precipitable water (PW) estimates.     

基于相位单差精密测速的动态精密单点定位算法

利用相邻历元间的载波相位单差可求得动态载体的高精度三维速度向量,基于此提出了可精确描述载体运动变化的扩展卡尔曼滤波动态精密单点定位算法。该算法克服了高动态条件下采用简化动力学模型可能引起的系统状态描述失实问题,同时还可输出动态载体的精密速度信息。飞机动态试验结果表明,用该算法的动态单点定位结果与TRACK双差解计算互差得到的三维RMS值,平面分量精度优于3cm,高程分量精度优于6cm,速度测量精度可达mm/s级。     

基于经验模分解的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法

精密单点定位(PPP)时间比对数据会受到观测噪声的影响,因此对时间比对数据进行消噪是一项重要工作。提出一种基于经验模分解(EMD)的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法,并将该方法与Vondrak滤波方法的消噪效果进行对比。结果表明,两种方法的消噪效果相当,均能有效滤除PPP时间比对数据中的随机噪声,明显改善时间比对的稳定度。     

基于经验模分解的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法

精密单点定位(PPP)时间比对数据会受到观测噪声的影响,因此对时间比对数据进行消噪是一项重要工作。提出一种基于经验模分解(EMD)的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法,并将该方法与Vondrak滤波方法的消噪效果进行对比。结果表明,两种方法的消噪效果相当,均能有效滤除PPP时间比对数据中的随机噪声,明显改善时间比对的稳定度。     

Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

基于精确伪距率观测模型的GPS/SINS组合导航系统研究

从泰勒公式及函数矩阵的基本定义出发，推导了考虑位置误差相关项时，GPS/SINS组合导航系统精确的伪距率观测数学模型。仿真结果表明，使用精确伪距率观测模型的伪距、伪距率交替组合导航系统，其位置误差能更好地跟踪GPS系统位置几何误差系数，能更真实地反映载体的短期位置误差，更适用于对航天器或大气飞行器短期位置导航精度要求较高的场合（如把航天飞机或大气飞行器作为高分辨率合成孔径雷达等遥感器的载体）。     

基于多Agent的机群编队导航系统设计与研究

智能化建模在装备作战仿真领域中独居优势.将多Agent技术程序设计方法引入机群编队导航系统的设计中,对模型进行了顶层设计并分析了Agent子系统之间的信息交互过程,为机群编队导航系统的研发和设计提供了新的思路.     

基于超声波的移动机器人多目标探测定位方法

为了使移动机器人能够对离散的多个目标进行准确的探测定位,提出了一种新的超声波智能探测方法.采用3个收发一体的超声换能器阵列发送近似的平面声波波束,并建立空间坐标系.3个探头定时发送超声波脉冲,同时数字信号处理器采集并分析接收到的回波信号,在给定的算法下滤除杂波、识别提取回波首波、二次回波和三次回波等特征信号数据,在正确检测出各路波束的回波时间后,通过计算给出多个被测物体的准确定位.实验采用了杆件物体作为被测对象,对回波信号进行高速数据采集处理后计算出被测目标的坐标值,比较了计算物位与实测物位数据,结果验证了该方法的可行性与正确性.